Words from other languages

Some English words and expressions borrowed from some other European languages, such as Norway, Spain, Russia, and Greece.

 Words come from Norway:

fjord  -- Fyord (berasal dari bahasa Norwegia; fjord) merupakan semacam teluk yang berasal dari lelehan gletsjer atau glaciar yaitu tumpukan es yang sangat tebal dan berat.

      

Sognefjord merupakan sebuah fyord terbesar kedua di dunia.

   

                             a lemming

floe -- floating mass of ice (especialy in the sea) gumpalan es terapung

ski -- you know what ski is

slalom -- to slalom means to zig-zag between obstacles (usually used in skiing)

lemming --  is small rodents, usually found in or near the Arctic, in tundra biomes.

from Finland:

sauna -- hot steam bath

from Sweden:

ombudsman -- public official who investigates citizens' complaints against the government 

tungsten -- wolfram (W) bright-gray rare metallic element having a high melting point and 

                     used in alloys of metal(Chemistry); element found in electric lamp filaments and

                     high-speed cutting tools 

from Spain:

embargo -- ban, officialy restricted commerce (larangan berdagang dengan negara lain)

junta -- council, committee

siesta -- afternoon rest or nap (tidur siang)

guerrilla -- soldier who engages in irregular warfare (usually a member of a loosely organized band of soldiers         

                  which utilizes hit-and-run methods to fight the enemy) (gerilya)

macho -- assertive, strong masculine, masculine chauvinism

mosquito -- you know what kind of animal it is, don't you?

bonanza -- something which brings rich rewards; rich mass of ore in a mine (sumber keberuntungan)

lasso -- rope with a noose at one end which is used to capture cattle

patio -- back garden or backyard (emper belakang)

from France:

cuisine -- culinary art, kitchen

gateau -- cake, pastry

chauffeur -- driver of a private motor car (sopir)

boutique -- a small shpping outlet (butik)

creche -- day care center for small children (tempat pentiipan bayi)

duvet -- feather comforter (selimut, biasanya dari bulu angsa)

coup -- revolution, take over, overthrow

elite -- upper-class, aristrocrat, choice (pilihan)

saute -- lightly fried in butter or fat (menggoreng sebentar)

avant garde -- front guard, advance guard, vanguard- unconventional, novel, artistic and new

cul de sac -- dead end, blind alley (jalan buntu)

aubergine -- eggplant, brinjal (terong)

bidet -- basin-like bath which is used for washing the genital area (basin)

from Germany:

kindergarten -- nursery school, frobel

dachshund -- type of a dog breeder with short-legged

 

rottweiler -- a hardy and very intelligent herding dog, usually called 'rottie'

poodle -- the most intelligent breed dog (also called puddle/old English) 

 

       a dacshund

   

    a rottie                       a poodle

hamburger-- you know hat kind of food it is

frankfurter -- a hot dog, a sausage (sosis)

delicatessen -- conveniece food store (toko penjual makanan)

blitz -- lightning (kilat)

waltz -- ballroom and folk dance with closed position (dansa wals)

snorkel -- swimming with a breathing tube (snorkel)

Wanderlust -- a strong desire to travel

seminar -- educational meeting 

from Italy:

ghetto -- portion of city in which members of minority group live

piano 

soprano -- woman highest singing voice

ballerina -- a female ballet dancer (for male is a danseur)

confetti -- small bits of colored papers thwon at celebration, ex. wedding/ sing.

               confetto)

fiasco -- total failure

spaghetti -- a long thin form of pasta

bandit -- ganster, scoundrel

casino -- a facility that ccomodate gambling activity (kasino)

vendetta -- blood feud especially of two families (dendam keluarga)

from Greece:

dogma -- a creed, religious doctrine

drama -- play for the theater, television etc

psychology -- scientific study of the mind and how it influences behaviour

hippopotamus -- large African river animal with thick skin

theory -- formal set of ideas intended to explain why something happens or

              exists

pseudonym -- fictitious/pen/assumed name (nama samaran)

synonym -- different words with identical meaning

from Russia:

bistro -- a small restaurant

sputnik -- a Russian satellite

cosmonaut -- astronout

perestroika -- restructuring

steppe -- broad grassy plain similar to prairie (padang rumput)

tundra -- vast and treeless arctic region

tsar -- csar, emperor (kaisar)

balalaika -- triangular with 3 strings Russian guitar

mammoth -- extinct hairy elephantlike mammal, huge, enormous, gigantic